- “一带一路”倡议下全球南方国家港产城发展与国际规划合作
- 文章编号：1009-6000(2026)01-0046-08
- 中图分类号：TU984 文献标识码：B
- Doi：10.3969/j.issn.1009-6000.2026.01.007
- 作者简介：李恺仑，东南大学建筑学院，博士研究生，研究方向为可持续产业园区发展与规划国际合作，城市产业空间规划与治理；
黄子璐，东南大学建筑学院，硕士研究生，研究方向为可持续产业园区发展与规划国际合作；
Abhiyan Pokharel，尼泊尔阳光建筑与工程有限公司，现场民用技术主管，研究方向为建筑与土木工程设计，国际合作项目规划与实施。
- 规划技术援助与本地化转型：加德满都谷地城市规划演进回顾（1969—2023年）
- Planning Technical Assistance and Localized Transformation: A Review of Urban Planning Evolution in the Kathmandu Valley (1969—2023)
- 李恺仑 黄子璐 Abhiyan Pokharel
- LI Kailun HUANG Zilu Abhiyan Pokharel
- 摘要：
加德满都谷地近现代城市规划发展历程，是一部在国际援助的深度参与下不断演进的历史。文章系统回顾了 1969—2023 年间加德满都谷地城市规划的 3 个阶段发展历程，梳理其不同时期的规划技术援助特点与本地化转化实践，并以日本国际协力机构（JICA）的系列规划为案例，深入解析其规划知识的本地化过程与经验教训。研究发现，国际规划援助在资金支持、技术推广和能力建设等方面对加德满都谷地的空间规划发展发挥了积极作用，并逐渐调试成为掌握一定适应性的技术工具，呼应了谷地不同阶段的发展需求。然而，援助实践中也存在需求错配、援助依赖、项目碎片化及治理能力不匹配等问题，导致当地对规划技术援助的“消化不良”，对规划的有效实施构成挑战。基于此，文章提出对中国规划“走出去”的三点启示：一是充分尊重当地的制度、技术与文化环境，总结我国规划不同历史阶段的经验，建立符合受援国发展阶段的渐进式援助技术体系；二是坚持系统性思维，统筹规划与试点项目之间的关系；三是重视规划的本地化参与，加强规划人才的国际交流与合作。 - 关键词：
规划技术援助；加德满都谷地；本地化；城市规划演进 - Abstract: The modern urban planning trajectory of the Kathmandu Valley (KV) is an evolutionary history deeply shaped by the sustained engagement of international aid. This paper systematically reviews the three-stage development trajectory of KV urban planning from 1969 to 2023, analyzing the distinct characteristics of Planning Technical Assistance (PTA) and its localization practices of conversion across different periods. It uses the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) as a case study to dissect the process and lessons learned in planning knowledge transfer. The study finds that PTA positively contributed through funding, technical dissemination, and capacity building, successfully adapted into toolkits that responded to the Valley’s phased needs. However, the practice was constrained by critical issues such as demand-supply mismatch, aid dependence, project fragmentation, and a significant governance capacity gap. These issues resulted in a lack of proper assimilation (digestion) of the PTA thereby posing significant challenges to effective planning implementation. Based on these findings, the study offers three implications for China’s international planning cooperation: (1) Establishing a graduated technical assistance system that leverages China’s phased development experience to match the recipient country’s current stage and socio-spatial context; (2) Adopting a systemic approach to ensure synergy between strategic planning and pilot projects; (3) Enhancing local participation and fostering international professional exchange.
- Key words: planning technical assistance; Kathmandu Valley; localization; urban planning evolution