- 人文与社会
- 文章编号：1009-6000(2025)12-0106-05
- 中图分类号：C913.6 文献标识码：B
- Doi：10.3969/j.issn.1009-6000.2025.12.016
- 项目基金：2022年度南京市卫生科技发展专项资金项目“基于DRG支付改革下智能导航式护理模式的构建与应用”（GBX22295）。
- 作者简介：夏广惠，南京医科大学附属脑科医院护理部主任、主任护师，研究方向为护理管理；
时梁艳，通信作者，南京医科大学附属脑科医院主管护师，研究方向为护理管理；
胡敏，南京医科大学附属脑科医院主管护师，研究方向为护理管理。
- 人口老龄化背景下的免陪照护服务：定位、困境与路径优化
- Unaccompanied Care Services in the Context of Population Aging: Positioning, Dilemmas and Path Optimization
- 夏广惠 时梁艳 胡敏
- XIA Guanghui SHI Liangyan HU Min
- 摘要：
在我国人口深度老龄化与家庭结构核心化的背景下，传统家庭陪护模式面临着严峻挑战。免陪照护服务作为一种专业化、市场化的新型照护形态应运而生，其通过制度创新将家庭隐性照护成本转化为社会化、专业化、可交易的服务供给，实现对家庭养老功能的社会化补充与专业化升级。对此，应基于人口老龄化现实背景，准确把握其政策定位、服务定位和功能定位。当前，免陪照护服务的发展面临着供给失衡、支付瓶颈、质量隐患与人才短缺等现实困境。对此，应通过强化顶层设计以优化供给结构，创新多元筹资以破解支付困境，加强队伍建设以补齐人才短板，健全标准监管以筑牢质量底线，并推动科技赋能以创新服务模式。最终，通过政府、市场及社会的共同努力，探索实现“有政策保障、有资金支持、有标准可依、有人才可用、有科技赋能”的免陪照护服务的可持续发展。 - 关键词：
人口老龄化；免陪照护服务；路径优化 - Abstract: Against the backdrop of deep population aging and the nuclearization of family structures in China, traditional family-based caregiving models are facing severe challenges. As a specialized and market-oriented new form of care, unaccompanied care services have emerged by transforming the implicit costs of family care into socialized, professional, and tradable service supply through institutional innovation, thereby providing a socialized supplement and professional upgrade to family eldercare functions. In light of the realities of population aging, it is essential to accurately define the policy, service, and functional positioning of such services. At present, the development of unaccompanied care services is constrained by supply-demand imbalances, payment bottlenecks, potential quality risks, and shortages of professional personnel. To address these dilemmas, efforts should focus on strengthening top-level design to optimize supply structures, innovating diversified financing mechanisms to overcome payment constraints, enhancing workforce development to remedy talent shortages, improving standards and regulatory systems to safeguard service quality, and leveraging digital and intelligent technologies to innovate service models. Ultimately, through the joint efforts of government, market, and society, a sustainable development pattern for unaccompanied care services—characterized by policy guarantees, financial support, clear standards, sufficient talent, and technological empowerment—can be realized.
- Key words: population aging; unaccompanied care services; path optimization